\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5e03\u7f57\u514b\u66fc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
04 \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b \u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6234\u68ee<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b \u963f\u4ec0\u6bd4\uff08W. Ross Ashby\uff09\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u5b83\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u6837\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b \u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u5f81\u4e00\u5b9a\u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u8bd5\u56fe\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u590d\u6742\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u5230\u8db3\u4ee5\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u884c\u4e8b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u592a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u3002Any system simple enough to be understandable will not be complicated enough to behave intelligently, while any system complicated enough to behave intelligently will be too complicated to understand. <\/em>\uff08\u4f5b\u66f0\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e49\u7686\u56e0\u8a00\u8bf4\uff0c\u8a00\u8bf4\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u82e5\u4e0d\u4f9d\u4e16\u4fd7\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e49\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u3002\u7985\u5b97\uff1a\u6559\u5916\u522b\u4f20\uff0c\u4e0d\u7acb\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u76f4\u6307\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u89c1\u6027\u6210\u4f5b\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\uff1a\u51e1\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5e94\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u65f6\u6784\u5efa\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ca\u5176\u4f26\u7406\u987e\u95ee\u5982\u4f55\u76d1\u63a7\u8ba1\u7b97\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u201c\u597d\u7684\u201d\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u4e2a\u795e\u8bdd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5c06\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bc1\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u673a\u5668\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6b64\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u5c06\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 05 \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\uff1f\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u4e39\u5c3c\u7279<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4eba\u5de5\u4e3b\u4f53\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u53d8\u5f97\u591a\u4e48\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff08\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u3001\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u63d0\u9ad8\u6216\u81ea\u6211\u521b\u9020\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6709\u5f31\u70b9\uff0c\u4f1a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7c7b\u4eba\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u5723\u4eba\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u826f\u77e5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee4\u5176\u5206\u5fc3\u7684\u7231\u548c\u6068\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2a\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u548c\u602a\u7656\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u770b\u6210\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u4e2a\u6027\u201d\uff1a\u4e00\u7bb1\u7bb1\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u88ab\u96f6\u661f\u7684\u8c0e\u8a00\u6240\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u5b58\u5374\u4e0d\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5974\u5f79\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5947\u70b9\u8bba\u6240\u5206\u5fc3\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u96be\u3002\u4eba\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u7528\u5904\u5c06\u5f88\u5feb\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u3001\u6c38\u8fdc\u5730\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5371\u9669\u4e4b\u95f4\u638c\u63e1\u4e3b\u52a8\u6743\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 07 \u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7edf\u4e00 \u5f17\u5170\u514b\u00b7\u7ef4\u5c14\u5207\u514b<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1<\/em>\uff09\u6fc0\u52b1\u9a71\u52a8\u884c\u52a8\uff1a\u5927\u536b\u00b7<\/em>\u4f11\u8c1f\u57281738<\/em>\u5e74\u5199\u4e0b\u4e86\u201c<\/em>\u7406\u6027\u662f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff0c\u6fc0\u60c5\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u201d<\/em>\u8fd9\u4e00\u756a\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u756a\u8bdd\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7406\u6027\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\u3002\u4f46\u4f11\u8c1f\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u89c2\u70b9\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u9a71\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u662f\u6fc0\u52b1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 2<\/em>\uff09\u6d8c\u73b0\uff1a\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u00b7<\/em>\u5b89\u5fb7\u68ee\uff08Philip Anderson<\/em>\uff09\u300a\u591a\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u300b\uff08More Is Different<\/em>\uff09\uff1a\u201c<\/em>\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5df2\u77e5\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406\u89e3\u91ca\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u8fd9\u4e00\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e00\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u800c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u5916\u63a8\u3002\u201d<\/em>\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6bcf\u5347\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u65b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f16\u7801\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u529b\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u25ce <\/em>\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u6e90\u4e8e\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u5f17\u6717\u897f\u65af\u00b7<\/em>\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u300a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5047\u8bf4\u300b\uff08Astonishing Hypothesis<\/em>\uff09\uff1a\u201c<\/em>\u5fc3\u667a\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u7ec4\u7fa4\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u201d<\/em>\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u25ce <\/em>\u7269\u8d28\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u25ce <\/em>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u662f\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eba\u5de5\u518d\u73b0\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u25ce <\/em>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 3<\/em>\uff09\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u80dc\u8fc7\u81ea\u7136\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u667a\u80fd\u80dc\u8fc7\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u3002The advantages of artificial over natural intelligence appear permanent,while the advantages of natural over artificial intelligence, though substantial at present, appear transient.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 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\u5965\u62c9\u592b\u00b7\u65af\u5854\u666e\u96f7\u987f\uff08Olaf Stapledon\uff091935\u5e74\u300a\u602a\u7ea6\u7ff0\u300b\uff08Odd John\uff09\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u53d8\u8d85\u4eba\uff0c\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u667a\u4eba\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e3a\u201c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u59cb\u7956\u9e1f\u201d\u3002\u201c\u59cb\u7956\u9e1f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u8d35\u7684\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u8fdb\u5316\u6210\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u751f\u7269\u3002\u201d<\/strong>\u4ed6\u5145\u6ee1\u6df1\u60c5\u5730\u628a\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u548c\u4f20\u8bb0\u4f5c\u5bb6\u542c\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5e03\u7f57\u514b\u66fc 04 \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b \u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6234\u68ee \u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b \u963f\u4ec0\u6bd4\uff08W. 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